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Typography.php
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<?php /** * CodeIgniter * * An open source application development framework for PHP * * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT) * * Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN * THE SOFTWARE. * * @package CodeIgniter * @author EllisLab Dev Team * @copyright Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/) * @copyright Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology (https://bcit.ca/) * @license https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT MIT License * @link https://codeigniter.com * @since Version 1.0.0 * @filesource */ defined('BASEPATH') OR exit('No direct script access allowed'); /** * Typography Class * * @package CodeIgniter * @subpackage Libraries * @category Helpers * @author EllisLab Dev Team * @link https://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/typography.html */ class CI_Typography { /** * Block level elements that should not be wrapped inside <p> tags * * @var string */ public $block_elements = 'address|blockquote|div|dl|fieldset|form|h\d|hr|noscript|object|ol|p|pre|script|table|ul'; /** * Elements that should not have <p> and <br /> tags within them. * * @var string */ public $skip_elements = 'p|pre|ol|ul|dl|object|table|h\d'; /** * Tags we want the parser to completely ignore when splitting the string. * * @var string */ public $inline_elements = 'a|abbr|acronym|b|bdo|big|br|button|cite|code|del|dfn|em|i|img|ins|input|label|map|kbd|q|samp|select|small|span|strong|sub|sup|textarea|tt|var'; /** * array of block level elements that require inner content to be within another block level element * * @var array */ public $inner_block_required = array('blockquote'); /** * the last block element parsed * * @var string */ public $last_block_element = ''; /** * whether or not to protect quotes within { curly braces } * * @var bool */ public $protect_braced_quotes = FALSE; /** * Auto Typography * * This function converts text, making it typographically correct: * - Converts double spaces into paragraphs. * - Converts single line breaks into <br /> tags * - Converts single and double quotes into correctly facing curly quote entities. * - Converts three dots into ellipsis. * - Converts double dashes into em-dashes. * - Converts two spaces into entities * * @param string * @param bool whether to reduce more then two consecutive newlines to two * @return string */ public function auto_typography($str, $reduce_linebreaks = FALSE) { if ($str === '') { return ''; } // Standardize Newlines to make matching easier if (strpos($str, "\r") !== FALSE) { $str = str_replace(array("\r\n", "\r"), "\n", $str); } // Reduce line breaks. If there are more than two consecutive linebreaks // we'll compress them down to a maximum of two since there's no benefit to more. if ($reduce_linebreaks === TRUE) { $str = preg_replace("/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $str); } // HTML comment tags don't conform to patterns of normal tags, so pull them out separately, only if needed $html_comments = array(); if (strpos($str, '<!--') !== FALSE && preg_match_all('#(<!\-\-.*?\-\->)#s', $str, $matches)) { for ($i = 0, $total = count($matches[0]); $i < $total; $i++) { $html_comments[] = $matches[0][$i]; $str = str_replace($matches[0][$i], '{@HC'.$i.'}', $str); } } // match and yank <pre> tags if they exist. It's cheaper to do this separately since most content will // not contain <pre> tags, and it keeps the PCRE patterns below simpler and faster if (strpos($str, '<pre') !== FALSE) { $str = preg_replace_callback('#<pre.*?>.*?</pre>#si', array($this, '_protect_characters'), $str); } // Convert quotes within tags to temporary markers. $str = preg_replace_callback('#<.+?>#si', array($this, '_protect_characters'), $str); // Do the same with braces if necessary if ($this->protect_braced_quotes === TRUE) { $str = preg_replace_callback('#\{.+?\}#si', array($this, '_protect_characters'), $str); } // Convert "ignore" tags to temporary marker. The parser splits out the string at every tag // it encounters. Certain inline tags, like image tags, links, span tags, etc. will be // adversely affected if they are split out so we'll convert the opening bracket < temporarily to: {@TAG} $str = preg_replace('#<(/*)('.$this->inline_elements.')([ >])#i', '{@TAG}\\1\\2\\3', $str); /* Split the string at every tag. This expression creates an array with this prototype: * * [array] * { * [0] = <opening tag> * [1] = Content... * [2] = <closing tag> * Etc... * } */ $chunks = preg_split('/(<(?:[^<>]+(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\')?)+>)/', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE|PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY); // Build our finalized string. We cycle through the array, skipping tags, and processing the contained text $str = ''; $process = TRUE; for ($i = 0, $c = count($chunks) - 1; $i <= $c; $i++) { // Are we dealing with a tag? If so, we'll skip the processing for this cycle. // Well also set the "process" flag which allows us to skip <pre> tags and a few other things. if (preg_match('#<(/*)('.$this->block_elements.').*?>#', $chunks[$i], $match)) { if (preg_match('#'.$this->skip_elements.'#', $match[2])) { $process = ($match[1] === '/'); } if ($match[1] === '') { $this->last_block_element = $match[2]; } $str .= $chunks[$i]; continue; } if ($process === FALSE) { $str .= $chunks[$i]; continue; } // Force a newline to make sure end tags get processed by _format_newlines() if ($i === $c) { $chunks[$i] .= "\n"; } // Convert Newlines into <p> and <br /> tags $str .= $this->_format_newlines($chunks[$i]); } // No opening block level tag? Add it if needed. if ( ! preg_match('/^\s*<(?:'.$this->block_elements.')/i', $str)) { $str = preg_replace('/^(.*?)<('.$this->block_elements.')/i', '<p>$1</p><$2', $str); } // Convert quotes, elipsis, em-dashes, non-breaking spaces, and ampersands $str = $this->format_characters($str); // restore HTML comments for ($i = 0, $total = count($html_comments); $i < $total; $i++) { // remove surrounding paragraph tags, but only if there's an opening paragraph tag // otherwise HTML comments at the ends of paragraphs will have the closing tag removed // if '<p>{@HC1}' then replace <p>{@HC1}</p> with the comment, else replace only {@HC1} with the comment $str = preg_replace('#(?(?=<p>\{@HC'.$i.'\})<p>\{@HC'.$i.'\}(\s*</p>)|\{@HC'.$i.'\})#s', $html_comments[$i], $str); } // Final clean up $table = array( // If the user submitted their own paragraph tags within the text // we will retain them instead of using our tags. '/(<p[^>*?]>)<p>/' => '$1', // <?php BBEdit syntax coloring bug fix // Reduce multiple instances of opening/closing paragraph tags to a single one '#(</p>)+#' => '</p>', '/(<p>\W*<p>)+/' => '<p>', // Clean up stray paragraph tags that appear before block level elements '#<p></p><('.$this->block_elements.')#' => '<$1', // Clean up stray non-breaking spaces preceding block elements '#( \s*)+<('.$this->block_elements.')#' => ' <$2', // Replace the temporary markers we added earlier '/\{@TAG\}/' => '<', '/\{@DQ\}/' => '"', '/\{@SQ\}/' => "'", '/\{@DD\}/' => '--', '/\{@NBS\}/' => ' ', // An unintended consequence of the _format_newlines function is that // some of the newlines get truncated, resulting in <p> tags // starting immediately after <block> tags on the same line. // This forces a newline after such occurrences, which looks much nicer. "/><p>\n/" => ">\n<p>", // Similarly, there might be cases where a closing </block> will follow // a closing </p> tag, so we'll correct it by adding a newline in between '#</p></#' => "</p>\n</" ); // Do we need to reduce empty lines? if ($reduce_linebreaks === TRUE) { $table['#<p>\n*</p>#'] = ''; } else { // If we have empty paragraph tags we add a non-breaking space // otherwise most browsers won't treat them as true paragraphs $table['#<p></p>#'] = '<p> </p>'; } return preg_replace(array_keys($table), $table, $str); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Format Characters * * This function mainly converts double and single quotes * to curly entities, but it also converts em-dashes, * double spaces, and ampersands * * @param string * @return string */ public function format_characters($str) { static $table; if ( ! isset($table)) { $table = array( // nested smart quotes, opening and closing // note that rules for grammar (English) allow only for two levels deep // and that single quotes are _supposed_ to always be on the outside // but we'll accommodate both // Note that in all cases, whitespace is the primary determining factor // on which direction to curl, with non-word characters like punctuation // being a secondary factor only after whitespace is addressed. '/\'"(\s|$)/' => '’”$1', '/(^|\s|<p>)\'"/' => '$1‘“', '/\'"(\W)/' => '’”$1', '/(\W)\'"/' => '$1‘“', '/"\'(\s|$)/' => '”’$1', '/(^|\s|<p>)"\'/' => '$1“‘', '/"\'(\W)/' => '”’$1', '/(\W)"\'/' => '$1“‘', // single quote smart quotes '/\'(\s|$)/' => '’$1', '/(^|\s|<p>)\'/' => '$1‘', '/\'(\W)/' => '’$1', '/(\W)\'/' => '$1‘', // double quote smart quotes '/"(\s|$)/' => '”$1', '/(^|\s|<p>)"/' => '$1“', '/"(\W)/' => '”$1', '/(\W)"/' => '$1“', // apostrophes "/(\w)'(\w)/" => '$1’$2', // Em dash and ellipses dots '/\s?\-\-\s?/' => '—', '/(\w)\.{3}/' => '$1…', // double space after sentences '/(\W) /' => '$1 ', // ampersands, if not a character entity '/&(?!#?[a-zA-Z0-9]{2,};)/' => '&' ); } return preg_replace(array_keys($table), $table, $str); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Format Newlines * * Converts newline characters into either <p> tags or <br /> * * @param string * @return string */ protected function _format_newlines($str) { if ($str === '' OR (strpos($str, "\n") === FALSE && ! in_array($this->last_block_element, $this->inner_block_required))) { return $str; } // Convert two consecutive newlines to paragraphs $str = str_replace("\n\n", "</p>\n\n<p>", $str); // Convert single spaces to <br /> tags $str = preg_replace("/([^\n])(\n)([^\n])/", '\\1<br />\\2\\3', $str); // Wrap the whole enchilada in enclosing paragraphs if ($str !== "\n") { // We trim off the right-side new line so that the closing </p> tag // will be positioned immediately following the string, matching // the behavior of the opening <p> tag $str = '<p>'.rtrim($str).'</p>'; } // Remove empty paragraphs if they are on the first line, as this // is a potential unintended consequence of the previous code return preg_replace('/<p><\/p>(.*)/', '\\1', $str, 1); } // ------------------------------------------------------------------------ /** * Protect Characters * * Protects special characters from being formatted later * We don't want quotes converted within tags so we'll temporarily convert them to {@DQ} and {@SQ} * and we don't want double dashes converted to emdash entities, so they are marked with {@DD} * likewise double spaces are converted to {@NBS} to prevent entity conversion * * @param array * @return string */ protected function _protect_characters($match) { return str_replace(array("'",'"','--',' '), array('{@SQ}', '{@DQ}', '{@DD}', '{@NBS}'), $match[0]); } // -------------------------------------------------------------------- /** * Convert newlines to HTML line breaks except within PRE tags * * @param string * @return string */ public function nl2br_except_pre($str) { $newstr = ''; for ($ex = explode('pre>', $str), $ct = count($ex), $i = 0; $i < $ct; $i++) { $newstr .= (($i % 2) === 0) ? nl2br($ex[$i]) : $ex[$i]; if ($ct - 1 !== $i) { $newstr .= 'pre>'; } } return $newstr; } }